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Overview

Affected versions of this package are vulnerable to Allocation of Resources Without Limits or Throttling due several issues in the loading of untrusted configurations. An attacker can cause excessive resource consumption by manipulating the configuration data or introducing unexpected usage patterns. Users affected by this issue are recommended to upgrade to the 2.x version line org.apache.commons:commons-configuration2, which fixes these issues.

Note: This is only exploitable if the application is configured to load untrusted configurations.

Remediation

There is no fixed version for commons-configuration:commons-configuration.

References

• Apache Mail

Overview

commons-io:commons-io is a The Apache Commons IO library contains utility classes, stream implementations, file filters, file comparators, endian transformation classes, and much more.

Affected versions of this package are vulnerable to Uncontrolled Resource Consumption ('Resource Exhaustion') through the XmlStreamReader class. An attacker can cause the application to consume excessive CPU resources by sending specially crafted XML content.

Remediation

Upgrade commons-io:commons-io to version 2.14.0 or higher.

References

• Apache Advisory
• GitHub Commit

Overview

org.apache.tomcat.embed:tomcat-embed-core is a Core Tomcat implementation.

Affected versions of this package are vulnerable to Improper Validation of Syntactic Correctness of Input in the processing of HTTP/2 request headers. An attacker can cause unexpected behavior or potentially compromise the application by sending specially crafted HTTP/2 request headers.

Remediation

Upgrade org.apache.tomcat.embed:tomcat-embed-core to version 9.0.118, 10.1.55, 11.0.22 or higher.

References

• Apache Mailing List
• GitHub Commit
• GitHub Commit
• GitHub Commit

Overview

Affected versions of this package are vulnerable to Exposure of Private Personal Information to an Unauthorized Actor in WebSocket client during authentication. An attacker can obtain sensitive HTTP authentication headers by initiating a WebSocket handshake with a malicious host.

Remediation

Upgrade org.apache.tomcat.embed:tomcat-embed-websocket to version 8.0.1, 9.0.0.M1, 9.0.118, 10.1.55, 11.0.22 or higher.

References

• Apache Mailing List
• GitHub Commit
• OSS Security Advisory

Overview

org.springframework:spring-core is a core package within the spring-framework that contains multiple classes and utilities.

Affected versions of this package are vulnerable to Allocation of Resources Without Limits or Throttling via static resource resolution. An attacker can cause denial of service by sending crafted requests that are slow to resolve when accessing file-system-backed static resources, causing HTTP connections to remain occupied and exhausting server resources.

Note: This is only exploitable if all the following are true:

1. The application uses Spring MVC or Spring WebFlux.

2. Static resources are served from the file system.

3. The application is running on Windows.

Remediation

Upgrade org.springframework:spring-core to version 6.2.18, 7.0.7 or higher.

References

• GitHub Commit
• spring Security Advisory

Overview

Affected versions of this package are vulnerable to Allocation of Resources Without Limits or Throttling when a user provides a very long SpEL expression.

Remediation

Upgrade org.springframework:spring-expression to version 5.2.24.RELEASE, 5.3.27, 6.0.8 or higher.

References

• GitHub Commit
• GitHub Commit
• GitHub Commit
• Vulnerability Advisory

Overview

org.apache.tomcat.embed:tomcat-embed-core is a Core Tomcat implementation.

Affected versions of this package are vulnerable to Timing Attack via AJP secret comparison. An attacker can perform a timing side-channel attack to determine whether a guessed secret is correct by sending many authentication attempts directly to the connector and measuring the time taken to compare secrets.

Remediation

Upgrade org.apache.tomcat.embed:tomcat-embed-core to version 9.0.118, 10.1.55, 11.0.22 or higher.

References

• Apache Mailing List
• GitHub Commit
• GitHub Commit

Overview

org.bouncycastle:bcprov-jdk15on is a Java implementation of cryptographic algorithms.

Affected versions of this package are vulnerable to Allocation of Resources Without Limits or Throttling via the ASN1ObjectIdentifier. An attacker can cause excessive resource consumption by submitting specially crafted ASN.1 Object Identifiers, potentially leading to service disruption.

Note: This issue only applies to applications which do consume unvetted, or otherwise unvalidated, ASN.1 encodings.

Remediation

A fix was pushed into the master branch but not yet published.

References

• GitHub Commit
• GitHub Wiki

Overview

org.bouncycastle:bcprov-jdk15on is a Java implementation of cryptographic algorithms.

Affected versions of this package are vulnerable to Allocation of Resources Without Limits or Throttling due to improper processing of large name constraint structures in PKIXCertPathReviewer. An attacker can cause excessive resource allocation by submitting specially crafted ASN.1 objects, potentially leading to service disruption.

Workaround

This vulnerability can be mitigated by limiting the size of ASN.1 objects that can be loaded from untrusted sources, thereby capping the maximum size of a Name Constraints structure.

Remediation

A fix was pushed into the master branch but not yet published.

References

• GitHub Commit
• GitHub Commit
• GitHub Wiki

Overview

com.fasterxml.jackson.core:jackson-databind is a library which contains the general-purpose data-binding functionality and tree-model for Jackson Data Processor.

Affected versions of this package are vulnerable to Denial of Service (DoS) when using JDK serialization to serialize and deserialize JsonNode values. It is possible for the attacker to send a 4-byte length payload, with a value of Integer.MAX_VALUE , that will eventually cause large buffer allocation and out of heap memory.

Details

Denial of Service (DoS) describes a family of attacks, all aimed at making a system inaccessible to its intended and legitimate users.

Unlike other vulnerabilities, DoS attacks usually do not aim at breaching security. Rather, they are focused on making websites and services unavailable to genuine users resulting in downtime.

One popular Denial of Service vulnerability is DDoS (a Distributed Denial of Service), an attack that attempts to clog network pipes to the system by generating a large volume of traffic from many machines.

When it comes to open source libraries, DoS vulnerabilities allow attackers to trigger such a crash or crippling of the service by using a flaw either in the application code or from the use of open source libraries.

Two common types of DoS vulnerabilities:

• High CPU/Memory Consumption- An attacker sending crafted requests that could cause the system to take a disproportionate amount of time to process. For example, commons-fileupload:commons-fileupload.

• Crash - An attacker sending crafted requests that could cause the system to crash. For Example, npm ws package

Remediation

Upgrade com.fasterxml.jackson.core:jackson-databind to version 2.13.1, 2.12.6 or higher.

References

• GitHub Commit
• GitHub Issue

Overview

com.fasterxml.jackson.core:jackson-databind is a library which contains the general-purpose data-binding functionality and tree-model for Jackson Data Processor.

Affected versions of this package are vulnerable to Denial of Service (DoS) in the _deserializeFromArray() function in BeanDeserializer, due to resource exhaustion when processing a deeply nested array.

NOTE: For this vulnerability to be exploitable the non-default DeserializationFeature must be enabled.

Details

Denial of Service (DoS) describes a family of attacks, all aimed at making a system inaccessible to its intended and legitimate users.

Unlike other vulnerabilities, DoS attacks usually do not aim at breaching security. Rather, they are focused on making websites and services unavailable to genuine users resulting in downtime.

One popular Denial of Service vulnerability is DDoS (a Distributed Denial of Service), an attack that attempts to clog network pipes to the system by generating a large volume of traffic from many machines.

When it comes to open source libraries, DoS vulnerabilities allow attackers to trigger such a crash or crippling of the service by using a flaw either in the application code or from the use of open source libraries.

Two common types of DoS vulnerabilities:

• High CPU/Memory Consumption- An attacker sending crafted requests that could cause the system to take a disproportionate amount of time to process. For example, commons-fileupload:commons-fileupload.

• Crash - An attacker sending crafted requests that could cause the system to crash. For Example, npm ws package

Remediation

Upgrade com.fasterxml.jackson.core:jackson-databind to version 2.12.7.1, 2.13.4 or higher.

References

• Chromium Bugs
• GitHub Commit
• GitHub Commit
• GitHub Issue

Overview

com.fasterxml.jackson.core:jackson-databind is a library which contains the general-purpose data-binding functionality and tree-model for Jackson Data Processor.

Affected versions of this package are vulnerable to Denial of Service (DoS) in the _deserializeWrappedValue() function in StdDeserializer.java, due to resource exhaustion when processing deeply nested arrays.

NOTE: This vulnerability is only exploitable when the non-default UNWRAP_SINGLE_VALUE_ARRAYS feature is enabled.

Details

Denial of Service (DoS) describes a family of attacks, all aimed at making a system inaccessible to its intended and legitimate users.

Unlike other vulnerabilities, DoS attacks usually do not aim at breaching security. Rather, they are focused on making websites and services unavailable to genuine users resulting in downtime.

One popular Denial of Service vulnerability is DDoS (a Distributed Denial of Service), an attack that attempts to clog network pipes to the system by generating a large volume of traffic from many machines.

When it comes to open source libraries, DoS vulnerabilities allow attackers to trigger such a crash or crippling of the service by using a flaw either in the application code or from the use of open source libraries.

Two common types of DoS vulnerabilities:

• High CPU/Memory Consumption- An attacker sending crafted requests that could cause the system to take a disproportionate amount of time to process. For example, commons-fileupload:commons-fileupload.

• Crash - An attacker sending crafted requests that could cause the system to crash. For Example, npm ws package

Remediation

Upgrade com.fasterxml.jackson.core:jackson-databind to version 2.12.7.1, 2.13.4.1 or higher.

References

• Chromium Bugs
• Documentation
• GitHub Commit
• GitHub Commit
• GitHub Commit
• GitHub Issue

Overview

org.bouncycastle:bcprov-jdk15on is a Java implementation of cryptographic algorithms.

Affected versions of this package are vulnerable to Observable Discrepancy due to the timing difference between exceptions thrown when processing RSA key exchange handshakes, AKA Marvin.

Note: The implemented fix mitigates the leakage of data via the PKCS#1 interface, but does not fully alleviate the side-channel as it allows cases in which the padding check fails but the handshake succeeds.

Remediation

There is no fixed version for org.bouncycastle:bcprov-jdk15on.

References

• GitHub Commit
• GitHub Commit
• GitHub Commit
• GitHub Issue
• Vulnerability Report

Overview

org.bouncycastle:bcprov-jdk15on is a Java implementation of cryptographic algorithms.

Affected versions of this package are vulnerable to Uncontrolled Resource Consumption ('Resource Exhaustion') within the org.bouncycastle.openssl.PEMParser class. Parsing a file that has crafted ASN.1 data through the PEMParser causes an OutOfMemoryError.

Workaround

The attack can be avoided by filtering PEM requests containing EXTERNAL tagged encodings.

Remediation

There is no fixed version for org.bouncycastle:bcprov-jdk15on.

References

• GitHub Commit
• GitHub Commit
• GitHub Wiki

Overview

commons-io:commons-io is a The Apache Commons IO library contains utility classes, stream implementations, file filters, file comparators, endian transformation classes, and much more.

Affected versions of this package are vulnerable to Directory Traversal via calling the method FileNameUtils.normalize using an improper string like //../foo or \\..\foo, which may allow access to files in the parent directory.

Details

A Directory Traversal attack (also known as path traversal) aims to access files and directories that are stored outside the intended folder. By manipulating files with "dot-dot-slash (../)" sequences and its variations, or by using absolute file paths, it may be possible to access arbitrary files and directories stored on file system, including application source code, configuration, and other critical system files.

Directory Traversal vulnerabilities can be generally divided into two types:

• Information Disclosure: Allows the attacker to gain information about the folder structure or read the contents of sensitive files on the system.

st is a module for serving static files on web pages, and contains a vulnerability of this type. In our example, we will serve files from the public route.

If an attacker requests the following URL from our server, it will in turn leak the sensitive private key of the root user.

curl http://localhost:8080/public/%2e%2e/%2e%2e/%2e%2e/%2e%2e/%2e%2e/root/.ssh/id_rsa

Note %2e is the URL encoded version of . (dot).

• Writing arbitrary files: Allows the attacker to create or replace existing files. This type of vulnerability is also known as Zip-Slip.

One way to achieve this is by using a malicious zip archive that holds path traversal filenames. When each filename in the zip archive gets concatenated to the target extraction folder, without validation, the final path ends up outside of the target folder. If an executable or a configuration file is overwritten with a file containing malicious code, the problem can turn into an arbitrary code execution issue quite easily.

The following is an example of a zip archive with one benign file and one malicious file. Extracting the malicious file will result in traversing out of the target folder, ending up in /root/.ssh/ overwriting the authorized_keys file:

2018-04-15 22:04:29 .....           19           19  good.txt
2018-04-15 22:04:42 .....           20           20  ../../../../../../root/.ssh/authorized_keys

Remediation

Upgrade commons-io:commons-io to version 2.7 or higher.

References

• GitHub Commit
• Jira Issue
• PoC

Overview

org.apache.httpcomponents:httpclient is a HttpClient component of the Apache HttpComponents project.

Affected versions of this package are vulnerable to Improper Input Validation. Apache HttpClient can misinterpret malformed authority component in request URIs passed to the library as java.net.URI object and pick the wrong target host for request execution.

Remediation

Upgrade org.apache.httpcomponents:httpclient to version 4.5.13 or higher.

References

• Apache Security Advisory
• GitHub Commit
• GitHub Commit

Overview

org.apache.tomcat.embed:tomcat-embed-core is a Core Tomcat implementation.

Affected versions of this package are vulnerable to Improper Authorization in the processing of security constraints when multiple method constraints define an HTTP method for the same extension. An attacker can gain unauthorized access to protected resources by crafting requests that exploit the improper application of these constraints.

Remediation

Upgrade org.apache.tomcat.embed:tomcat-embed-core to version 9.0.118, 10.1.55, 11.0.22 or higher.

References

• Apache Mailing List
• GitHub Commit

Overview

org.apache.tomcat.embed:tomcat-embed-core is a Core Tomcat implementation.

Affected versions of this package are vulnerable to Improper Handling of Case Sensitivity in the LockOutRealm function. An attacker can bypass account lockout protections by submitting usernames with different letter casing.

Remediation

Upgrade org.apache.tomcat.embed:tomcat-embed-core to version 9.0.118, 10.1.55, 11.0.22 or higher.

References

• Apache Mailing List
• GitHub Commit

Overview

org.bouncycastle:bcprov-jdk15on is a Java implementation of cryptographic algorithms.

Affected versions of this package are vulnerable to Timing Attack. A timing issue within the EC math library can expose information about the private key when an attacker is able to observe timing information for the generation of multiple deterministic ECDSA signatures.

Remediation

Upgrade org.bouncycastle:bcprov-jdk15on to version 1.66 or higher.

References

• BouncyCastle C# Security Advisory
• BouncyCastle Java Security Advisory
• BouncyCastle Release Notes

Overview

org.springframework:spring-beans is a package that is the basis for Spring Framework's IoC container. The BeanFactory interface provides an advanced configuration mechanism capable of managing any type of object.

Affected versions of this package are vulnerable to Denial of Service (DoS) if it relies on data binding to set a MultipartFile or javax.servlet.Part to a field in a model object.

Details

Denial of Service (DoS) describes a family of attacks, all aimed at making a system inaccessible to its intended and legitimate users.

Unlike other vulnerabilities, DoS attacks usually do not aim at breaching security. Rather, they are focused on making websites and services unavailable to genuine users resulting in downtime.

One popular Denial of Service vulnerability is DDoS (a Distributed Denial of Service), an attack that attempts to clog network pipes to the system by generating a large volume of traffic from many machines.

When it comes to open source libraries, DoS vulnerabilities allow attackers to trigger such a crash or crippling of the service by using a flaw either in the application code or from the use of open source libraries.

Two common types of DoS vulnerabilities:

• High CPU/Memory Consumption- An attacker sending crafted requests that could cause the system to take a disproportionate amount of time to process. For example, commons-fileupload:commons-fileupload.

• Crash - An attacker sending crafted requests that could cause the system to crash. For Example, npm ws package

Remediation

Upgrade org.springframework:spring-beans to version 5.2.22.RELEASE, 5.3.20 or higher.

References

• GitHub Commit
• GitHub Commit
• Tanzu vmware

Overview

Affected versions of this package are vulnerable to Allocation of Resources Without Limits or Throttling via a crafted SpEL expression.

Remediation

Upgrade org.springframework:spring-expression to version 5.2.23.RELEASE, 5.3.26, 6.0.7 or higher.

References

• GitHub Commit
• GitHub Commit
• GitHub Commit
• Vulnerability Advisory

Overview

Affected versions of this package are vulnerable to Denial of Service (DoS) by providing a specially crafted SpEL expression, that might result in an OutOfMemoryError.

Details

Denial of Service (DoS) describes a family of attacks, all aimed at making a system inaccessible to its intended and legitimate users.

Unlike other vulnerabilities, DoS attacks usually do not aim at breaching security. Rather, they are focused on making websites and services unavailable to genuine users resulting in downtime.

One popular Denial of Service vulnerability is DDoS (a Distributed Denial of Service), an attack that attempts to clog network pipes to the system by generating a large volume of traffic from many machines.

When it comes to open source libraries, DoS vulnerabilities allow attackers to trigger such a crash or crippling of the service by using a flaw either in the application code or from the use of open source libraries.

Two common types of DoS vulnerabilities:

• High CPU/Memory Consumption- An attacker sending crafted requests that could cause the system to take a disproportionate amount of time to process. For example, commons-fileupload:commons-fileupload.

• Crash - An attacker sending crafted requests that could cause the system to crash. For Example, npm ws package

Remediation

Upgrade org.springframework:spring-expression to version 5.2.20.RELEASE, 5.3.17 or higher.

References

• GitHub Commit
• GitHub Issue
• Pivotal Security Advisory

Overview

com.fasterxml.jackson.core:jackson-core is a Core Jackson abstractions, basic JSON streaming API implementation

Affected versions of this package are vulnerable to Information Exposure due to the JsonLocation._appendSourceDesc method. An attacker can access up to 500 bytes of unintended memory content by exploiting exception messages that incorrectly read from the beginning of a byte array instead of the logical payload start.

Workaround

This vulnerability can be mitigated by disabling exception message exposure to clients to avoid returning parsing exception messages in HTTP responses and/or disabling source inclusion in exceptions to prevent Jackson from embedding any source content in exception messages, avoiding leakage.

PoC

byte[] buffer = new byte[1000];
System.arraycopy("SECRET".getBytes(), 0, buffer, 0, 6);
System.arraycopy("{ \"bad\": }".getBytes(), 0, buffer, 700, 10);

JsonFactory factory = new JsonFactory();
JsonParser parser = factory.createParser(buffer, 700, 20);
parser.nextToken(); // throws exception

// Exception message will include "SECRET"

Remediation

Upgrade com.fasterxml.jackson.core:jackson-core to version 2.13.0-rc1 or higher.

References

• GitHub Commit
• GitHub PR

Overview

org.bouncycastle:bcprov-jdk15on is a Java implementation of cryptographic algorithms.

Affected versions of this package are vulnerable to Hash Collision via weak key-hash message authentication code (HMAC) that is only 16 bits long which can result in hash collisions, as a result of an error within the BKS version 1 keystore (BKS-V1) files and could lead to an attacker being able to affect the integrity of these files. This vulnerability was introduced following an incomplete fix for CVE-2018-5382.

Remediation

Upgrade org.bouncycastle:bcprov-jdk15on to version 1.69 or higher.

References

• Checkmarx Advisory
• GitHub Commit
• GitHub Issue
• GitHub Issue
• PoC

Overview

org.bouncycastle:bcprov-jdk15on is a Java implementation of cryptographic algorithms.

Affected versions of this package are vulnerable to Information Exposure due to missing validation for the X.500 name of any certificate, subject, or issuer. The presence of a wild card may lead to information disclosure. This could allow a malicious user to obtain unauthorized information via blind LDAP Injection, exploring the environment and enumerating data.

Note:

The exploit depends on the structure of the target LDAP directory as well as what kind of errors are exposed to the user.

Remediation

A fix was pushed into the master branch but not yet published.

References

• GitHub Commit
• GitHub Wiki
• RedHat Bugzilla Bug

Overview

org.springframework:spring-core is a core package within the spring-framework that contains multiple classes and utilities.

Affected versions of this package are vulnerable to Improper Input Validation when a user provides malicious input, causing insertion of additional log entries.

Remediation

Upgrade org.springframework:spring-core to version 5.2.19.RELEASE, 5.3.14 or higher.

References

• Pivotal Security Advisory

Overview

org.springframework:spring-core is a core package within the spring-framework that contains multiple classes and utilities.

Affected versions of this package are vulnerable to Improper Output Neutralization for Logs when a user provides malicious input, causing insertion of additional log entries.

Remediation

Upgrade org.springframework:spring-core to version 5.3.12, 5.2.18 or higher.

References

• Github Commit
• Pivotal Security Advisory

EPL-1.0 license