How to use the pyodbc.SQL_CHAR function in pyodbc

def setUp(self):
        self.cnxn   = pyodbc.connect(self.connection_string)
        self.cursor = self.cnxn.cursor()

        # As of libmyodbc5w 5.3 SQLGetTypeInfo returns absurdly small sizes
        # leading to slow writes.  Override them:
        self.cnxn.maxwrite = 1024 * 1024 * 1024

        # My MySQL configuration (and I think the default) sends *everything*
        # in UTF-8.  The pyodbc default is to send Unicode as UTF-16 and to
        # decode WCHAR via UTF-16.  Change them both to UTF-8.
        self.cnxn.setdecoding(pyodbc.SQL_CHAR, encoding='utf-8')
        self.cnxn.setdecoding(pyodbc.SQL_WCHAR, encoding='utf-8')
        self.cnxn.setencoding(encoding='utf-8')

        for i in range(3):
            try:
                self.cursor.execute("drop table t%d" % i)
                self.cnxn.commit()
            except:
                pass

        for i in range(3):
            try:
                self.cursor.execute("drop procedure proc%d" % i)
                self.cnxn.commit()
            except:
                pass

def test_empty_string_encoding(self):
        self.cnxn.setdecoding(pyodbc.SQL_CHAR, encoding='shift_jis')
        value = ""
        self.cursor.execute("create table t1(s varchar(20))")
        self.cursor.execute("insert into t1 values(?)", value)
        v = self.cursor.execute("select * from t1").fetchone()[0]
        self.assertEqual(v, value)

async def test_getTypeInfo_empty(conn, table):
    cur = await conn.cursor()
    await cur.getTypeInfo(pyodbc.SQL_CHAR)
    resp = await cur.fetchall()
    expected = [('char', 1, 255, "'", "'", 'length', 1, 0, 3, None, 0, 0,
                 'char', None, None, 1, 0, None, None)]
    type_info = [tuple(r) for r in resp]
    assert type_info == expected

def test_raw_decoding(self):
        # Read something that is valid ANSI and make sure it comes through.
        # The database is actually going to send us UTF-8 so don't use extended
        # characters.
        #
        # REVIEW: Is there a good way to write UTF-8 into the database and read
        # it out?
        self.cnxn.setdecoding(pyodbc.SQL_CHAR, encoding='raw')
        self._test_strtype('varchar', self.SMALL_STRING)

def pyodbc_connect_and_query(odbc_connect_string: str, query: str) -> pyodbc.Cursor:

    try:
        conn = pyodbc.connect(odbc_connect_string)
        conn.setdecoding(pyodbc.SQL_WCHAR, encoding='utf-8')
        conn.setencoding(str, encoding='utf-8')
        conn.setencoding(str, encoding='utf-8', ctype=pyodbc.SQL_CHAR)

        # https://github.com/mkleehammer/pyodbc/issues/194 for this encoding fix

        conn.setdecoding(pyodbc.SQL_WMETADATA, encoding='utf-32le')
    except pyodbc.Error as e:
        print("ODBC Connection Error Message:\n")
        print(e)
        print("ODBC error, exiting...\n")
        sys.exit()
    cursor = conn.cursor()

    try:
        cursor.execute(query)
    except pyodbc.ProgrammingError as e:
        print("\nODBC Query Error Message:\n")
        print(e)

def connect(self, *args, **kwargs):
        connection = super(VirtuosoDialect, self).connect(*args, **kwargs)
        if util.py2k:
            connection.setdecoding(pyodbc.SQL_CHAR, 'utf-8', pyodbc.SQL_CHAR)
            connection.setdecoding(pyodbc.SQL_WCHAR, 'utf-32LE', pyodbc.SQL_WCHAR, unicode)
            connection.setdecoding(pyodbc.SQL_WMETADATA, 'utf-32LE', pyodbc.SQL_WCHAR, unicode)
            connection.setencoding(unicode, 'utf-32LE', pyodbc.SQL_WCHAR)
            connection.setencoding(str, 'utf-8', pyodbc.SQL_CHAR)
        else:
            connection.setdecoding(pyodbc.SQL_CHAR, 'utf-8', pyodbc.SQL_CHAR)
            connection.setdecoding(pyodbc.SQL_WCHAR, 'utf-32LE', pyodbc.SQL_WCHAR)
            connection.setdecoding(pyodbc.SQL_WMETADATA, 'utf-32LE', pyodbc.SQL_WCHAR)
            connection.setencoding('utf-32LE', pyodbc.SQL_WCHAR)
            connection.setencoding('utf-8', pyodbc.SQL_CHAR)
        return connection

row_to_table_info = lambda row: row[0]
else:
    row_to_table_info = lambda row: TableInfo(row[0].lower(), row[1])

import pyodbc as Database

SQL_AUTOFIELD = -777555

class DatabaseIntrospection(BaseDatabaseIntrospection):
    # Map type codes to Django Field types.
    data_types_reverse = {
        SQL_AUTOFIELD:                  'IntegerField',
        Database.SQL_BIGINT:            'BigIntegerField',
        Database.SQL_BINARY:            'BinaryField',
        Database.SQL_BIT:               'NullBooleanField',
        Database.SQL_CHAR:              'CharField',
        Database.SQL_DECIMAL:           'DecimalField',
        Database.SQL_DOUBLE:            'FloatField',
        Database.SQL_FLOAT:             'FloatField',
        Database.SQL_GUID:              'TextField',
        Database.SQL_INTEGER:           'IntegerField',
        Database.SQL_LONGVARBINARY:     'BinaryField',
        #Database.SQL_LONGVARCHAR:       ,
        Database.SQL_NUMERIC:           'DecimalField',
        Database.SQL_REAL:              'FloatField',
        Database.SQL_SMALLINT:          'SmallIntegerField',
        Database.SQL_TINYINT:           'SmallIntegerField',
        Database.SQL_TYPE_DATE:         'DateField',
        Database.SQL_TYPE_TIME:         'TimeField',
        Database.SQL_TYPE_TIMESTAMP:    'DateTimeField',
        Database.SQL_VARBINARY:         'BinaryField',
        Database.SQL_VARCHAR:           'TextField',

from django.db.backends import BaseDatabaseIntrospection
import pyodbc as Database

SQL_AUTOFIELD = -777555

class DatabaseIntrospection(BaseDatabaseIntrospection):
    # Map type codes to Django Field types.
    data_types_reverse = {
        SQL_AUTOFIELD:                  'AutoField',
        Database.SQL_BIGINT:            'IntegerField',
        #Database.SQL_BINARY:            ,
        Database.SQL_BIT:               'BooleanField',
        Database.SQL_CHAR:              'CharField',
        Database.SQL_DECIMAL:           'DecimalField',
        Database.SQL_DOUBLE:            'FloatField',
        Database.SQL_FLOAT:             'FloatField',
        Database.SQL_GUID:              'TextField',
        Database.SQL_INTEGER:           'IntegerField',
        #Database.SQL_LONGVARBINARY:     ,
        #Database.SQL_LONGVARCHAR:       ,
        Database.SQL_NUMERIC:           'DecimalField',
        Database.SQL_REAL:              'FloatField',
        Database.SQL_SMALLINT:          'SmallIntegerField',
        Database.SQL_TINYINT:           'SmallIntegerField',
        Database.SQL_TYPE_DATE:         'DateField',
        Database.SQL_TYPE_TIME:         'TimeField',
        Database.SQL_TYPE_TIMESTAMP:    'DateTimeField',
        #Database.SQL_VARBINARY:         ,
        Database.SQL_VARCHAR:           'TextField',

def query(idNumber,basename):
	
	# OPEN CONNECTION TO FILEMAKER DATABASE WITH DESCRIPTIVE METADATA

	c = pyodbc.connect("DRIVER={FileMaker ODBC};DATABASE=PFA_Collection;SERVER=bampfa-pfm13.ist.1918.berkeley.edu;UID=resourcespace;PWD=mediaarchive2017")
	c.setdecoding(pyodbc.SQL_CHAR, encoding='utf-8')
	c.setdecoding(pyodbc.SQL_WCHAR, encoding='utf-8')
	c.setdecoding(pyodbc.SQL_WMETADATA, encoding='utf-8')
	c.setencoding(encoding='utf-8')
	cursor= c.cursor()
	
	# SQL TO GET REQUIRED METADATA VALUES FROM FM
	# SQL TO GET REQUIRED METADATA VALUES FROM FM
	cursor.execute("SELECT m_245a_CompleteTitle FROM CollectionItem WHERE AccessionNumberItemNumber = ?",idNumber)	
	# for row in cursor.tables():
	# 	print(row.table_name)	

	rows = cursor.fetchall()
	resultData = {}	
	resultList = [x for y in rows for x in y]
	# print(resultList)

def connect(self, *args, **kwargs):
        connection = super(VirtuosoDialect, self).connect(*args, **kwargs)
        if util.py2k:
            connection.setdecoding(pyodbc.SQL_CHAR, 'utf-8', pyodbc.SQL_CHAR)
            connection.setdecoding(pyodbc.SQL_WCHAR, 'utf-32LE', pyodbc.SQL_WCHAR, unicode)
            connection.setdecoding(pyodbc.SQL_WMETADATA, 'utf-32LE', pyodbc.SQL_WCHAR, unicode)
            connection.setencoding(unicode, 'utf-32LE', pyodbc.SQL_WCHAR)
            connection.setencoding(str, 'utf-8', pyodbc.SQL_CHAR)
        else:
            connection.setdecoding(pyodbc.SQL_CHAR, 'utf-8', pyodbc.SQL_CHAR)
            connection.setdecoding(pyodbc.SQL_WCHAR, 'utf-32LE', pyodbc.SQL_WCHAR)
            connection.setdecoding(pyodbc.SQL_WMETADATA, 'utf-32LE', pyodbc.SQL_WCHAR)
            connection.setencoding('utf-32LE', pyodbc.SQL_WCHAR)
            connection.setencoding('utf-8', pyodbc.SQL_CHAR)
        return connection