Find, fix and prevent vulnerabilities in your code.

Overview

hono is an Ultrafast web framework for the Edges

Affected versions of this package are vulnerable to Directory Traversal in the toSSG() static site generation function, whose path normalization does not fully collapse runs of consecutive .. segments and treats output directories that differ only in how they are rooted as equivalent. An attacker can cause build output to be written outside the intended output directory by supplying a route parameter with enough .. sequences that reaches ssgParams from an untrusted source.

Note: This affects build-time static site generation only, not request-time routing, and requires the application to build pages from ssgParams values sourced from untrusted origins such as a CMS, API, or user submissions.

Note: This is a bypass of the fix for the vulnerability described in CVE-2026-39408.

Details

A Directory Traversal attack (also known as path traversal) aims to access files and directories that are stored outside the intended folder. By manipulating files with "dot-dot-slash (../)" sequences and its variations, or by using absolute file paths, it may be possible to access arbitrary files and directories stored on file system, including application source code, configuration, and other critical system files.

Directory Traversal vulnerabilities can be generally divided into two types:

• Information Disclosure: Allows the attacker to gain information about the folder structure or read the contents of sensitive files on the system.

st is a module for serving static files on web pages, and contains a vulnerability of this type. In our example, we will serve files from the public route.

If an attacker requests the following URL from our server, it will in turn leak the sensitive private key of the root user.

curl http://localhost:8080/public/%2e%2e/%2e%2e/%2e%2e/%2e%2e/%2e%2e/root/.ssh/id_rsa

Note %2e is the URL encoded version of . (dot).

• Writing arbitrary files: Allows the attacker to create or replace existing files. This type of vulnerability is also known as Zip-Slip.

One way to achieve this is by using a malicious zip archive that holds path traversal filenames. When each filename in the zip archive gets concatenated to the target extraction folder, without validation, the final path ends up outside of the target folder. If an executable or a configuration file is overwritten with a file containing malicious code, the problem can turn into an arbitrary code execution issue quite easily.

The following is an example of a zip archive with one benign file and one malicious file. Extracting the malicious file will result in traversing out of the target folder, ending up in /root/.ssh/ overwriting the authorized_keys file:

2018-04-15 22:04:29 .....           19           19  good.txt
2018-04-15 22:04:42 .....           20           20  ../../../../../../root/.ssh/authorized_keys

Remediation

Upgrade hono to version 4.13.5 or higher.

References

• GitHub Advisory
• GitHub Commit
• GitHub Release

Overview

hono is an Ultrafast web framework for the Edges

Affected versions of this package are vulnerable to HTTP Request Smuggling in its query parsing helpers, which do not terminate at the URL fragment and parse a ? appearing after a # as the start of the query string. An attacker can smuggle parameters past upstream allow/deny lists and validation, poison cache entries with unobserved parameters, or achieve stored XSS in cached HTML, by placing query parameters after a # fragment so browsers, new URL(), and reverse proxies ignore them while the query helpers still read them. This requires a literal # in the request URL to reach the application, and deployments behind intermediaries that strip fragments or runtimes that normalize URLs, such as Cloudflare Workers, are unaffected.

Remediation

Upgrade hono to version 4.13.5 or higher.

References

• GitHub Advisory
• GitHub Commit
• GitHub Release