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Overview

Affected versions of this package are vulnerable to Deserialization of Untrusted Data via the writeReplace() method in internal classes, which may allow a denial of service attack if combined with another exploit.

Details

Serialization is a process of converting an object into a sequence of bytes which can be persisted to a disk or database or can be sent through streams. The reverse process of creating object from sequence of bytes is called deserialization. Serialization is commonly used for communication (sharing objects between multiple hosts) and persistence (store the object state in a file or a database). It is an integral part of popular protocols like Remote Method Invocation (RMI), Java Management Extension (JMX), Java Messaging System (JMS), Action Message Format (AMF), Java Server Faces (JSF) ViewState, etc.

Deserialization of untrusted data (CWE-502), is when the application deserializes untrusted data without sufficiently verifying that the resulting data will be valid, letting the attacker to control the state or the flow of the execution.

Java deserialization issues have been known for years. However, interest in the issue intensified greatly in 2015, when classes that could be abused to achieve remote code execution were found in a popular library (Apache Commons Collection). These classes were used in zero-days affecting IBM WebSphere, Oracle WebLogic and many other products.

An attacker just needs to identify a piece of software that has both a vulnerable class on its path, and performs deserialization on untrusted data. Then all they need to do is send the payload into the deserializer, getting the command executed.

Developers put too much trust in Java Object Serialization. Some even de-serialize objects pre-authentication. When deserializing an Object in Java you typically cast it to an expected type, and therefore Java's strict type system will ensure you only get valid object trees. Unfortunately, by the time the type checking happens, platform code has already created and executed significant logic. So, before the final type is checked a lot of code is executed from the readObject() methods of various objects, all of which is out of the developer's control. By combining the readObject() methods of various classes which are available on the classpath of the vulnerable application, an attacker can execute functions (including calling Runtime.exec() to execute local OS commands).

Remediation

Upgrade com.google.code.gson:gson to version 2.8.9 or higher.

References

• GitHub Commit Introducing Vulnerable Method
• GitHub Fix Commit
• GitHub PR

Overview

org.eclipse.jetty:jetty-servlets is an Utility Servlets from Jetty

Affected versions of this package are vulnerable to Information Exposure. Requests to the ConcatServlet and WelcomeFilter are able to access protected resources within the WEB-INF directory. For example, a request to the ConcatServlet with a URI of /concat?/%2557EB-INF/web.xml can retrieve the web.xml file.

This occurs because both ConcatServlet and WelcomeFilter decode the supplied path to verify it is not within the WEB-INF or META-INF directories. It then uses this decoded path to call RequestDispatcher which will also do decoding of the path. This double decoding allows paths with a doubly encoded WEB-INF to bypass this security check.

Remediation

Upgrade org.eclipse.jetty:jetty-servlets to version 9.4.41, 10.0.3, 11.0.3 or higher.

References

• GitHub Commit
• Nuclei Templates