How to use the pycountry.countries function in pycountry

def strip_lang_subdomains_from_netloc(netloc):
    if netloc.count('.') > 1:
        subdomain, remaining_netloc = netloc.split('.', 1)
        if len(subdomain) == 5 and '-' in subdomain:
            lang, country = subdomain.split('-', 1)
            if len(lang) == 2 and len(country) == 2:
                if pycountry.countries.get(alpha_2=lang.upper()) and pycountry.countries.get(alpha_2=country.upper()):
                    netloc = remaining_netloc
        elif len(subdomain) == 2:
            if pycountry.countries.get(alpha_2=subdomain.upper()):
                netloc = remaining_netloc

    return netloc

self.stdout.write("Countries already populated; nothing to be done.")
                sys.exit(0)
            else:
                raise CommandError(
                    "You already have countries in your database. This command "
                    "currently does not support updating existing countries.")

        countries = [
            Country(
                iso_3166_1_a2=country.alpha2,
                iso_3166_1_a3=country.alpha3,
                iso_3166_1_numeric=country.numeric,
                printable_name=country.name,
                name=getattr(country, 'official_name', ''),
                is_shipping_country=options['is_shipping'])
            for country in pycountry.countries]

        Country.objects.bulk_create(countries)
        self.stdout.write("Successfully added %s countries." % len(countries))

def iso3166alpha3_to_iso3166alpha2(iso3):
    for country in pycountry.countries:
        if country.alpha_3 == iso3:
            return country.alpha_2
    return iso3

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

from __future__ import absolute_import

import pycountry

import colander

# COUNTRY_CODES stores the alpha-2 code reprsentation of countries
# in accordance to ISO 3166-1
# see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISO_3166-1
COUNTRY_CODES = [c.alpha_2 for c in pycountry.countries]


def is_valid_country_code(_, value):
    if value not in COUNTRY_CODES:
        raise colander.Invalid(
            'invalid ISO 3166-1 country code: [{}].' +
            ' Please see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISO_3166-1'.format(value)
        )

def is_valid_country_code(code):
    if code == NO_COUNTRY:
        return True
    try:
        countries.get(alpha_2=code)
        return True
    except KeyError:
        return False

def supported_country_codes():
    """ Return a set of recognized country codes.

    Are supported:
        * ISO 3166-1 alpha-2 country codes and exceptional reservations
        * European Commision country code exceptions
    """
    return set(chain(
        imap(attrgetter('alpha_2'), countries),
        # Include ISO and EC exceptions.
        COUNTRY_ALIASES.keys(),
        RESERVED_COUNTRY_CODES.keys(),
        COUNTRY_ALIAS_TO_SUBDIVISION.keys()))

#   Switch locale via the following URL ignores currency settings!
        #   Switch to regions far away from your location is rejected!
        #   url = 'https://www.mouser.com/localsites.aspx'

        # The following approach works for selecting currency:
        # - Access "www.mouser.com" (done in constructor) and store local redirect URL.
        # - Manually set currency preference for your regional URL.
        # - Completely restart fake_browser session to apply currency settings.
        # Switching locale seems to be not possible yet.
        try:
            if currency_iso and not locale_iso:
                money = pycountry.currencies.get(alpha_3=currency_iso.upper())
                locale_iso = pycountry.countries.get(numeric=money.numeric).alpha_2
            if locale_iso:
                currency_iso = currency_iso.upper()
                country = pycountry.countries.get(alpha_2=locale_iso.upper())

                # TODO: Mouser uses either "USDe" or "USDu" to select USD as
                #   currency, depending on your location.
                if currency_iso == "USD" and locale_iso == "US":
                    currency_iso = "USDu"
                else:
                    currency_iso = "USDe"

                # Some mouser regions are subdomains from mouser.com, other
                # regions user their own top level domains, e.g. mouser.eu.
                # Extract the region specific part and suffix it to
                # the preferences cookie.
                local_domains = re.search("https://(.+)\.mouser\.(.+)/", self.browser.ret_url)
                if local_domains.group(1).startswith("www"):
                    domain = local_domains.group(2)
                else:

)

#:
PROTOFEED_ATTRS = [
    'frequencies',
    'meta',
    'service_windows',
    'shapes',
    'shapes_extra',
    'stops',
    ]

# Country name by country alpha-2 code
COUNTRY_BY_ALPHA2 = {
    country.alpha_2: country.name
    for country in pycountry.countries
    }

# Country alpha-2 code by timezone
ALPHA2_BY_TIMEZONE = {
    timezone: alpha2
    for alpha2, timezones in pytz.country_timezones.items()
    for timezone in timezones
    }

# Country name by timezone
COUNTRY_BY_TIMEZONE = {
    timezone: COUNTRY_BY_ALPHA2[alpha2]
    for timezone, alpha2 in ALPHA2_BY_TIMEZONE.items()
    }

# Country names with left hand traffic

dbm=PostgressDBM(user='opwu', password='0pwu', host='portalwatch.ai.wu.ac.at', port=5432, db='portalwatch')

    P = Portal(
                id=_calc_id('http://daten.buergernetz.bz.it/de/')
                ,uri='http://daten.buergernetz.bz.it/de/'
                ,apiuri = 'http://daten.buergernetz.bz.it/de/api/3'
                ,software = 'CKAN'
                ,iso = 'IT'
                ,active= True
                )
    db.add(P)
    c=0
    for p in dbm.getPortals():

        if len(p['iso3'])>0:
            iso = pycountry.countries.get(alpha3=p['iso3']).alpha2
        else:
            iso='EU'
        P = Portal(
                id=_calc_id(p['url'])
                ,uri=p['url']
                ,apiuri = p['apiurl']
                ,software = p['software']
                ,iso = iso
                ,active= True
                )
        print P

        db.add(P)
        c+=1

    print c

def iso3166alpha3_to_iso3166alpha2(iso3):
    for country in pycountry.countries:
        if country.alpha_3 == iso3:
            return country.alpha_2
    return iso3