How to use the httpie.cli.exceptions.ParseError function in httpie

def test_non_existent_file_raises_parse_error(self, httpbin):
        with pytest.raises(ParseError):
            http('--form',
                 'POST', httpbin.url + '/post', 'foo@/__does_not_exist__')

def test_headers_empty_value_with_value_gives_error(httpbin):
    with pytest.raises(ParseError):
        http('GET', httpbin + '/headers', 'Accept;SYNTAX_ERROR')

def parse_empty_header_item(self, item):
        if item.value:
            raise ParseError(
                'Invalid item "%s" '
                '(to specify an empty header use `Header;`)'
                % item.orig
            )
        return item.value

def load_json(arg: KeyValueArg, contents: str) -> JSONType:
    try:
        return load_json_preserve_order(contents)
    except ValueError as e:
        raise ParseError('"%s": %s' % (arg.orig, e))

def _load_json(self, item, contents):
        try:
            return load_json_preserve_order(contents)
        except ValueError as e:
            raise ParseError('"%s": %s' % (item.orig, e))

def load_text_file(item: KeyValueArg) -> str:
    path = item.value
    try:
        with open(os.path.expanduser(path), 'rb') as f:
            return f.read().decode()
    except IOError as e:
        raise ParseError('"%s": %s' % (item.orig, e))
    except UnicodeDecodeError:
        raise ParseError(
            '"%s": cannot embed the content of "%s",'
            ' not a UTF8 or ASCII-encoded text file'
            % (item.orig, item.value)
        )

def process_file_upload_arg(arg: KeyValueArg) -> Tuple[str, IO, str]:
    filename = arg.value
    try:
        with open(os.path.expanduser(filename), 'rb') as f:
            contents = f.read()
    except IOError as e:
        raise ParseError('"%s": %s' % (arg.orig, e))
    return (
        os.path.basename(filename),
        BytesIO(contents),
        get_content_type(filename),
    )

def _parse_items(self):
        """Parse `args.items` into `args.headers`, `args.data`, `args.params`,
         and `args.files`.

        """
        try:
            items = parse_items(
                items=self.args.items,
                as_form=self.args.form,
                chunked=self.args.chunked,
            )
        except ParseError as e:
            if self.args.traceback:
                raise
            self.error(e.args[0])
        else:
            self.args.headers = items.headers
            self.args.data = items.data
            self.args.files = items.files
            self.args.params = items.params

        if self.args.files and not self.args.form:
            # `http url @/path/to/file`
            file_fields = list(self.args.files.keys())
            if file_fields != ['']:
                self.error(
                    'Invalid file fields (perhaps you meant --form?): %s'
                    % ','.join(file_fields))

def _parse_items(self):
        """
        Parse `args.request_items` into `args.headers`, `args.data`,
        `args.params`, and `args.files`.

        """
        try:
            request_items = RequestItems.from_args(
                request_item_args=self.args.request_items,
                as_form=self.args.form,
            )
        except ParseError as e:
            if self.args.traceback:
                raise
            self.error(e.args[0])
        else:
            self.args.headers = request_items.headers
            self.args.data = request_items.data
            self.args.files = request_items.files
            self.args.params = request_items.params

        if self.args.files and not self.args.form:
            # `http url @/path/to/file`
            file_fields = list(self.args.files.keys())
            if file_fields != ['']:
                self.error(
                    'Invalid file fields (perhaps you meant --form?): %s'
                    % ','.join(file_fields))