arkworks BLS12-381 bindings

The main usage of this library at this moment is to generate test vectors for EIP4844 in the consensus-specs. The library itself is generic, so feel free to use it for other purposes.

Usage examples

Scalar field arithmetic

from ark_algebra_py.ark_algebra_py import Scalar

# Initialisation - The default initialiser for a scalar is an u128 integer
scalar = Scalar(12345)

# Equality -- We override eq and neq operators
assert(scalar == scalar)
assert(Scalar(1234) != Scalar(4567))

# Scalar Addition/subtraction/Negation -- We override the add/sub/neg operators
a = Scalar(3)
b = Scalar(4)
c = Scalar(5)
assert(a.square() + b.square() == c.square())
assert(a * a + b * b == c * c)

neg_a = -a
assert(a + neg_a == Scalar(0))
assert(a + neg_a).is_zero()

# Serialisation
compressed_bytes = scalar.to_le_bytes()
deserialised_scalar = Scalar.from_le_bytes(compressed_bytes)
assert(scalar == deserialised_scalar)

Group arithmetic

from ark_algebra_py.ark_algebra_py import G1, G2, Scalar

# G1 and G2 have the same methods implemented on them
# For brevity, we will only see one method using G1 and G2;
# the rest of the code will just use G1

# Point initialization -- This will be initialized to the generator of G1.
g1_generator = G1()
g2_generator = G2()

# Identity element 
identity = G1.identity()

# Equality -- We override eq and neq operators
assert(g1_generator == g1_generator)
assert(g1_generator != identity)


# Printing an element -- We override __str__ so when we print
# an element it prints in hex
print("identity: ",identity)
print("g1 generator: ", g1_generator)
print("g2 generator: ", g2_generator)

# Point Addition/subtraction/Negation -- We override the add/sub/neg operators
gen = G1()
double_gen = gen + gen
double_gen2 = gen.double()
assert(double_gen == double_gen2)
assert((double_gen2 - gen) == gen)
neg_gen = -gen
assert(neg_gen + gen == identity)

# Scalar multiplication
scalar = Scalar(4)
four_gen = gen * scalar
four_gen_2 = scalar * gen 
assert(four_gen == gen + gen + gen + gen)
assert(four_gen == four_gen_2)

# Serialisation
# 
# serialising to/from a g1 point
# We don't expose the uncompressed form 
# because it seems like its not needed
compressed_bytes = gen.to_compressed_bytes()
deserialised_point = G1.from_compressed_bytes(compressed_bytes)
# If the bytes being received are trusted, we can avoid
# doing subgroup checks
deserialised_point_unchecked = G1.from_compressed_bytes_unchecked(compressed_bytes)
assert(deserialised_point == deserialised_point_unchecked)
assert(deserialised_point == gen)

Pairings

from ark_algebra_py.ark_algebra_py import G1, G2, PairingOutput, Scalar, Pairing


# Initilisation -- This is the generator point
gt_gen = PairingOutput()

# Zero/One
zero = PairingOutput.one()

# Computing a pairing using pairing and multi_pairing
# multi_pairing does multiple pairings and adds them together with only one final_exp
assert gt_gen == Pairing.pairing(G1(), G2()) 
g1s = [G1()]
g2s = [G2()]
assert gt_gen == Pairing.multi_pairing(g1s, g2s)

# Bilinearity
a = Scalar(1234)
b = Scalar(4566)
c = a * b


g = G1() * a
h = G2() * b

p = Pairing.pairing(g, h)

c_g1 = G1() *c
c_g2 = G2() *c

assert p == Pairing.pairing(c_g1, G2())
assert p == Pairing.pairing(G1(), c_g2)