How to use punycode - 10 common examples
To help you get started, we’ve selected a few punycode examples, based on popular ways it is used in public projects.
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graalvm / graaljs / test / simple / test-punycode.js View on Github 
// (R)
'd9juau41awczczp':
'\u305D\u306E\u30B9\u30D4\u30FC\u30C9\u3067',
// (S) -> $1.00 <-
'-> $1.00 <--':
'\u002D\u003E\u0020\u0024\u0031\u002E\u0030\u0030\u0020\u003C\u002D'
};
var errors = 0;
for (var encoded in tests) {
var decoded = tests[encoded];
try {
assert.equal(punycode.encode(decoded), encoded);
} catch (e) {
console.error('FAIL: expected %j, got %j', e.expected, e.actual);
errors++;
}
try {
assert.equal(punycode.decode(encoded), decoded);
} catch (e) {
console.error('FAIL: expected %j, got %j', e.expected, e.actual);
errors++;
}
}
assert.equal(errors, 0);} else {
// hostnames are always lower case.
this.hostname = this.hostname.toLowerCase();
}
if (!ipv6Hostname) {
// IDNA Support: Returns a puny coded representation of "domain".
// It only converts the part of the domain name that
// has non ASCII characters. I.e. it dosent matter if
// you call it with a domain that already is in ASCII.
var domainArray = this.hostname.split('.');
var newOut = [];
for (var i = 0; i < domainArray.length; ++i) {
var s = domainArray[i];
newOut.push(s.match(/[^A-Za-z0-9_-]/) ?
'xn--' + punycode.encode(s) : s);
}
this.hostname = newOut.join('.');
}
var p = this.port ? ':' + this.port : '';
var h = this.hostname || '';
this.host = h + p;
this.href += this.host;
// strip [ and ] from the hostname
// the host field still retains them, though
if (ipv6Hostname) {
this.hostname = this.hostname.substr(1, this.hostname.length - 2);
if (rest[0] !== '/') {
rest = '/' + rest;
}var common = require('../common');
var punycode = require('punycode');
var assert = require('assert');
assert.equal(punycode.encode('ü'), 'tda');
assert.equal(punycode.encode('Goethe'), 'Goethe-');
assert.equal(punycode.encode('Bücher'), 'Bcher-kva');
assert.equal(punycode.encode(
'Willst du die Blüthe des frühen, die Früchte des späteren Jahres'),
'Willst du die Blthe des frhen, die Frchte des spteren Jahres-x9e96lkal');
assert.equal(punycode.encode('日本語'), 'wgv71a119e');
assert.equal(punycode.decode('tda'), 'ü');
assert.equal(punycode.decode('Goethe-'), 'Goethe');
assert.equal(punycode.decode('Bcher-kva'), 'Bücher');
assert.equal(punycode.decode(
'Willst du die Blthe des frhen, die Frchte des spteren Jahres-x9e96lkal'),
'Willst du die Blüthe des frühen, die Früchte des späteren Jahres');
assert.equal(punycode.decode('wgv71a119e'), '日本語');
// http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc3492#section-7.1
var tests = {
// (A) Arabic (Egyptian)
'egbpdaj6bu4bxfgehfvwxn':
'\u0644\u064A\u0647\u0645\u0627\u0628\u062A\u0643\u0644\u0645\u0648' +
'\u0634\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064A\u061F',
// (B) Chinese (simplified)
'ihqwcrb4cv8a8dqg056pqjye':
'\u4ED6\u4EEC\u4E3A\u4EC0\u4E48\u4E0D\u8BF4\u4E2D\u6587',// OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
// THE SOFTWARE.
var common = require('../common');
var punycode = require('punycode');
var assert = require('assert');
assert.equal(punycode.encode('ü'), 'tda');
assert.equal(punycode.encode('Goethe'), 'Goethe-');
assert.equal(punycode.encode('Bücher'), 'Bcher-kva');
assert.equal(punycode.encode(
'Willst du die Blüthe des frühen, die Früchte des späteren Jahres'),
'Willst du die Blthe des frhen, die Frchte des spteren Jahres-x9e96lkal');
assert.equal(punycode.encode('日本語'), 'wgv71a119e');
assert.equal(punycode.decode('tda'), 'ü');
assert.equal(punycode.decode('Goethe-'), 'Goethe');
assert.equal(punycode.decode('Bcher-kva'), 'Bücher');
assert.equal(punycode.decode(
'Willst du die Blthe des frhen, die Frchte des spteren Jahres-x9e96lkal'),
'Willst du die Blüthe des frühen, die Früchte des späteren Jahres');
assert.equal(punycode.decode('wgv71a119e'), '日本語');
// http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc3492#section-7.1
var tests = {
// (A) Arabic (Egyptian)
'egbpdaj6bu4bxfgehfvwxn':
'\u0644\u064A\u0647\u0645\u0627\u0628\u062A\u0643\u0644\u0645\u0648' +
'\u0634\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064A\u061F',
// (B) Chinese (simplified)
'ihqwcrb4cv8a8dqg056pqjye':assert.equal(punycode.encode('ü'), 'tda');
assert.equal(punycode.encode('Goethe'), 'Goethe-');
assert.equal(punycode.encode('Bücher'), 'Bcher-kva');
assert.equal(punycode.encode(
'Willst du die Blüthe des frühen, die Früchte des späteren Jahres'),
'Willst du die Blthe des frhen, die Frchte des spteren Jahres-x9e96lkal');
assert.equal(punycode.encode('日本語'), 'wgv71a119e');
assert.equal(punycode.decode('tda'), 'ü');
assert.equal(punycode.decode('Goethe-'), 'Goethe');
assert.equal(punycode.decode('Bcher-kva'), 'Bücher');
assert.equal(punycode.decode(
'Willst du die Blthe des frhen, die Frchte des spteren Jahres-x9e96lkal'),
'Willst du die Blüthe des frühen, die Früchte des späteren Jahres');
assert.equal(punycode.decode('wgv71a119e'), '日本語');
// http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc3492#section-7.1
var tests = {
// (A) Arabic (Egyptian)
'egbpdaj6bu4bxfgehfvwxn':
'\u0644\u064A\u0647\u0645\u0627\u0628\u062A\u0643\u0644\u0645\u0648' +
'\u0634\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064A\u061F',
// (B) Chinese (simplified)
'ihqwcrb4cv8a8dqg056pqjye':
'\u4ED6\u4EEC\u4E3A\u4EC0\u4E48\u4E0D\u8BF4\u4E2D\u6587',
// (C) Chinese (traditional)
'ihqwctvzc91f659drss3x8bo0yb':
'\u4ED6\u5011\u7232\u4EC0\u9EBD\u4E0D\u8AAA\u4E2D\u6587',, __call__ : function(value) {
try {
RegexValidator.prototype.__call__.call(this, value)
}
catch (e) {
if (!(e instanceof ValidationError) ||
!value ||
value.indexOf('@') == -1) {
throw e
}
// Trivial case failed - try for possible IDN domain-part
var parts = value.split('@')
try {
parts[parts.length - 1] = punycode.toASCII(parts[parts.length - 1])
}
catch (ue) {
throw e
}
RegexValidator.prototype.__call__.call(this, parts.join('@'))
}
}
})function canonicalDomain(str) {
if (str == null) {
return null;
}
str = str.trim().replace(/^\./, ""); // S4.1.2.3 & S5.2.3: ignore leading .
// convert to IDN if any non-ASCII characters
if (punycode && /[^\u0001-\u007f]/.test(str)) {
str = punycode.toASCII(str);
}
return str.toLowerCase();
}source.refHash = simpleHash(page.ref);
// Direct with marks -> campaign
// Direct with fbclid -> facebooj social
if (ref === '') {
if (has_utm || has_os || has_gclid || has_yclid) {
source.type = SESSION_CAMPAIGN;
}
if(has_fbclid){
source.type = SESSION_SOCIAL
source.engine = ENGINE_FACEBOOK
}
return source;
}
source.refhost = punycode.toUnicode(removeWww(ref.hostname));
// Internal
if (ref && source.refhost === removeWww(page.domain)) {
log('internal detect', ref, source.refhost, removeWww(page.hostname))
source.type = source.hasMarks ? SESSION_CAMPAIGN : SESSION_INTERNAL;
return source;
}
// Other types: campaigns, organic, social
const refDomainParts = source.refhost.split('.').reverse();
for (let i = 0; i < RULES.length; i++) {
const rule = RULES[i];
const ruleDomainParts = rule.domain.split('.').reverse();
const refDomainPartsClone = refDomainParts.slice();}
// hostnames are always lower case.
out.hostname = out.hostname.toLowerCase();
if (!ipv6Hostname) {
// IDNA Support: Returns a puny coded representation of "domain".
// It only converts the part of the domain name that
// has non ASCII characters. I.e. it dosent matter if
// you call it with a domain that already is in ASCII.
var domainArray = out.hostname.split('.');
var newOut = [];
for (var i = 0; i < domainArray.length; ++i) {
var s = domainArray[i];
newOut.push(s.match(/[^A-Za-z0-9_-]/) ?
'xn--' + punycode.encode(s) : s);
}
out.hostname = newOut.join('.');
}
out.host = (out.hostname || '') +
((out.port) ? ':' + out.port : '');
out.href += out.host;
// strip [ and ] from the hostname
if (ipv6Hostname) {
out.hostname = out.hostname.substr(1, out.hostname.length - 2);
if (rest[0] !== '/') {
rest = '/' + rest;
}
}
}} else {
// hostnames are always lower case.
this.hostname = this.hostname.toLowerCase();
}
if (!ipv6Hostname) {
// IDNA Support: Returns a puny coded representation of "domain".
// It only converts the part of the domain name that
// has non ASCII characters. I.e. it dosent matter if
// you call it with a domain that already is in ASCII.
var domainArray = this.hostname.split('.');
var newOut = [];
for (var i = 0; i < domainArray.length; ++i) {
var s = domainArray[i];
newOut.push(s.match(/[^A-Za-z0-9_-]/) ?
'xn--' + punycode.encode(s) : s);
}
this.hostname = newOut.join('.');
}
var p = this.port ? ':' + this.port : '';
var h = this.hostname || '';
this.host = h + p;
this.href += this.host;
// strip [ and ] from the hostname
// the host field still retains them, though
if (ipv6Hostname) {
this.hostname = this.hostname.substr(1, this.hostname.length - 2);
if (rest[0] !== '/') {
rest = '/' + rest;
}punycode
A robust Punycode converter that fully complies to RFC 3492 and RFC 5891, and works on nearly all JavaScript platforms.
