6201 multi provider (#6825)

* requestEIP6963Providers function

* requestEIP6963Providers in web3 class

* changelog update

* unit test

* removed unused file

* lint fix

* added doc

---------

Co-authored-by: Oleksii Kosynskyi <oleksii.kosynskyi@gmail.com>

docs/docs/guides/web3_providers_guide/eip6963.md

@@ -0,0 +1,58 @@
+---
+sidebar_position: 2
+sidebar_label: 'EIP-6963: Multi Injected Provider Discovery'
+---
+
+# EIP-6963: Multi Injected Provider Discovery
+
+## Introduction
+
+EIP-6963 proposes the "Multi Injected Provider Discovery" standard, which aims to enhance the discoverability and interaction with multiple injected Ethereum providers in a browser environment. Injected providers refer to browser extensions or other injected scripts that provide access to an Ethereum provider within the context of a web application.
+
+Web3.js library has utility function for discovery of injected providers using `requestEIP6963Providers()` function. When `requestEIP6963Providers()` is used it returns `eip6963Providers` Map object. This Map object is in global scope so every time `requestEIP6963Providers()` function is called it will update Map object and return it. 
+
+`eip6963Providers` Map object has provider's `UUID` as keys and `EIP6963ProviderDetail` as values. `EIP6963ProviderDetail` is:
+
+```ts
+export interface EIP6963ProviderDetail {
+  info: EIP6963ProviderInfo;
+  provider: EIP1193Provider;
+}
+```
+
+where `info` has details of provider containing UUID, name, Icon and RDNS as defined in EIP-6963:
+
+```ts
+export interface EIP6963ProviderInfo {
+  uuid: string;
+  name: string;
+  icon: string;
+  rdns: string;
+}
+```
+
+`provider` in `EIP6963ProviderDetail` is `EIP1193Provider` and it contains actual provider that can be injected in web3 instance.
+
+Following code snippet demonstrates usage of `requestEIP6963Providers()` function for providers discovery. 
+
+```ts
+//Assuming multiple providers are installed in browser. 
+
+import { Web3 } from 'web3';
+
+const providers = Web3.requestEIP6963Providers();
+
+for (const [key, value] of providers) {
+    console.log(value);
+
+/* Based on your DApp's logic show use list of providers and get selected provider's UUID from user for injecting its EIP6963ProviderDetail.provider EIP1193 object into web3 object */
+
+    if (value.info.name === 'MetaMask') {
+        const web3 = new Web3(value.provider);
+
+    // now you can use web3 object with injected provider
+        console.log(await web3.eth.getTransaction('0x82512812c11f56aa2474a16d5cc8916b73cd6ed96bf9b8defb3499ec2d9070cb'));
+    }
+}
+
+```

docs/docs/guides/web3_providers_guide/events_listening.md

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 ---
-sidebar_position: 2
+sidebar_position: 3
 sidebar_label: 'Providers Events Listening'
 ---
 

docs/docs/guides/web3_providers_guide/http.md

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 ---
-sidebar_position: 3
+sidebar_position: 4
 sidebar_label: 'Tutorial: HTTP Provider'
 ---
 

docs/docs/guides/web3_providers_guide/injected_provider.md

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 ---
-sidebar_position: 6
+sidebar_position: 7
 sidebar_label: 'Tutorial: Injected provider'
 ---
 

docs/docs/guides/web3_providers_guide/ipc.md

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 ---
-sidebar_position: 5
+sidebar_position: 6
 sidebar_label: 'Tutorial: IPC Provider'
 ---
 

docs/docs/guides/web3_providers_guide/truffle.md

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 ---
-sidebar_position: 7
+sidebar_position: 8
 sidebar_label: 'Tutorial: Third Party Provider'
 ---
 

docs/docs/guides/web3_providers_guide/websocket.md

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 ---
-sidebar_position: 4
+sidebar_position: 5
 sidebar_label: 'Tutorial: WebSocket Provider'
 ---
 

packages/web3/CHANGELOG.md

@@ -191,4 +191,8 @@ Documentation:
 
 -   Dependencies updated ( details are in root changelog )
 
-## [Unreleased]
+## [Unreleased]
+
+### Added
+
+-   Added EIP-6963 utility function `requestEIP6963Providers` for multi provider discovery 

packages/web3/src/web3.ts

@@ -44,6 +44,7 @@ import abi from './abi.js';
 import { initAccountsForContext } from './accounts.js';
 import { Web3EthInterface } from './types.js';
 import { Web3PkgInfo } from './version.js';
+import { requestEIP6963Providers } from './web3_eip6963.js';
 
 export class Web3<
 	CustomRegisteredSubscription extends {
@@ -52,6 +53,7 @@ export class Web3<
 > extends Web3Context<EthExecutionAPI, CustomRegisteredSubscription & RegisteredSubscription> {
 	public static version = Web3PkgInfo.version;
 	public static utils = utils;
+	public static requestEIP6963Providers = requestEIP6963Providers;
 	public static modules = {
 		Web3Eth,
 		Iban,

packages/web3/src/web3_eip6963.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,71 @@
+/*
+This file is part of web3.js.
+
+web3.js is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by
+the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+(at your option) any later version.
+
+web3.js is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+GNU Lesser General Public License for more details.
+
+You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License
+along with web3.js.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+*/
+
+import { Web3APISpec, EIP1193Provider } from "web3-types";
+
+
+export enum Eip6963EventName {
+  eip6963announceProvider = 'eip6963:announceProvider',
+  eip6963requestProvider = 'eip6963:requestProvider',
+};
+
+export interface EIP6963ProviderInfo {
+  uuid: string;
+  name: string;
+  icon: string;
+  rdns: string;
+}
+
+export interface EIP6963ProviderDetail<API = Web3APISpec> {
+  info: EIP6963ProviderInfo;
+  provider: EIP1193Provider<API>;
+}
+
+export interface EIP6963AnnounceProviderEvent<API = Web3APISpec> extends CustomEvent {
+  type: Eip6963EventName.eip6963announceProvider;
+  detail: EIP6963ProviderDetail<API>;
+}
+
+export interface EIP6963RequestProviderEvent extends Event {
+  type: Eip6963EventName.eip6963requestProvider;
+}
+
+export const eip6963Providers: Map<string, EIP6963ProviderDetail> = new Map();
+
+export const requestEIP6963Providers = () => {
+
+  if (typeof window === 'undefined')
+    throw new Error(
+      "window object not available, EIP-6963 is intended to be used within a browser"
+    );
+
+  window.addEventListener(
+    Eip6963EventName.eip6963announceProvider as any,
+    (event: EIP6963AnnounceProviderEvent) => {
+
+      eip6963Providers.set(
+        event.detail.info.uuid,
+        event.detail);
+    }
+  );
+
+  window.dispatchEvent(new Event(Eip6963EventName.eip6963requestProvider));
+
+  return eip6963Providers;
+}
+
+

packages/web3/test/unit/web3eip6963.test.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,86 @@
+/*
+This file is part of web3.js.
+
+web3.js is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by
+the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+(at your option) any later version.
+
+web3.js is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+GNU Lesser General Public License for more details.
+
+You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License
+along with web3.js.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+*/
+
+import {
+	EIP6963AnnounceProviderEvent,
+	EIP6963ProviderDetail,
+	Eip6963EventName,
+	eip6963Providers,
+	requestEIP6963Providers
+} from "../../src/web3_eip6963";
+
+describe('requestEIP6963Providers', () => {
+
+	it('should request EIP6963 providers and store them in eip6963Providers', () => {
+
+		const mockProviderDetail: EIP6963ProviderDetail = {
+			info: {
+				uuid: '1',
+				name: 'MockProvider',
+				icon: 'icon-path',
+				rdns: 'mock.rdns'
+			},
+
+			provider: {} as any
+		};
+
+		const mockAnnounceEvent: EIP6963AnnounceProviderEvent = {
+			type: Eip6963EventName.eip6963announceProvider,
+			detail: mockProviderDetail
+		} as any;
+
+		// Mock the window object
+		(global as any).window = {
+			addEventListener: jest.fn(),
+			dispatchEvent: jest.fn()
+		};
+
+		// Call the function
+		requestEIP6963Providers();
+
+		// Validate event listener setup and event dispatch
+		expect((global as any).window.addEventListener)
+			.toHaveBeenCalledWith(Eip6963EventName.eip6963announceProvider, expect.any(Function));
+
+		expect((global as any).window.dispatchEvent).toHaveBeenCalled();
+
+		// Simulate the announce event
+		// Access the mock function calls for addEventListener
+		const addEventListenerMockCalls = (global as any).window.addEventListener.mock.calls;
+
+		// Retrieve the first call to addEventListener and access its second argument
+		const eventListenerArg = addEventListenerMockCalls[0][1];
+
+		// Now "eventListenerArg" represents the function to be called when the event occurs
+		const announceEventListener = eventListenerArg;
+		// eslint-disable-next-line @typescript-eslint/no-unsafe-call
+		announceEventListener(mockAnnounceEvent);
+
+		// Validate if the provider detail is stored in the eip6963Providers map
+		expect(eip6963Providers.get('1')).toEqual(mockProviderDetail);
+	});
+
+	it('should throw an error if window object is not available', () => {
+		// Remove the window object
+		delete (global as any).window;
+
+		// Call the function and expect it to throw an error
+		expect(() => {
+			requestEIP6963Providers();
+		}).toThrow("window object not available, EIP-6963 is intended to be used within a browser");
+	});
+});